Period of Colonialism (Colonialism)
In the history of Indonesia and other countries in the world, there is a period of ocean exploration. The Europeans were trying to find spice-producing areas. The reason is that these spices have become a hot-selling and very important trade commodity in Europe.
As we know, here the Archipelago is an area that produces spices (the Europeans called the Archipelago area the name of the land of the Indies).
Summarized from the Kemdikbud Indonesian History Class 11 book by Sardiman AM and Amurwani DL, adventures, voyages, and exploration of the oceans of European nations to go to the Archipelago began with the Portuguese in 1511, then arrived in Maluku in 1521. So did the Spanish who came to Maluku in 1521.
In 1579, English people also came to Indonesia led by Francis Drake and Thomas Cavendish. The Dutch explored Indonesia taking the sea route that the Portuguese were used to.
The Dutch began to enter Indonesia in 1596 in Banten. The arrival of the Dutch fleet to the Archipelago was led by Cornelis to look for spices.
During the Dutch colonial period in the 17th century, the Vereenigde Oost Indische Compagnie (VOC) was born. The VOC was the largest trading partnership belonging to the Netherlands as a trade center in the Asian region, by exercising a trade monopoly and political intervention in the archipelago. The VOC was dissolved on 31 December 1799, due to corruption, problems, management and debt.
The Dutch colonized Indonesia for hundreds of years, around 126 years or until 1942. Wars that occurred in the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries.
The background of the Indonesian people's resistance to the Dutch East Indies colonial government was due to monopolistic actions, political intervention with devide et impera, and the greed of the trade partnership government.
When the Dutch colonized Indonesia, also known as imperialism and colonialism, the Japanese arrived.
When Japan controlled Indonesia it was called occupation, because Japan wanted to seize and rule Indonesia by using a military system.
After Japan succeeded in controlling several areas in the archipelago, finally on March 8, 1942 the Dutch officially surrendered the archipelago to Japan.
Japan entered Indonesia for the first time on January 11, 1942 on the island of Tarakan, East Kalimantan. During the Japanese colonial/occupation period in Indonesia, Japan also made changes related to culture.
